Basic Mandarin Food and Restaurant Vocabulary
by Alex Evins (v.10/24)
Pinyin and phonetic pronunctions for the English speaker are provided below for common Chinese foods. When using pinyin, remember that:
Zh = J (e.g. Shenzhen = “Shen-jen”) | Q = Ch (e.g. Qingdao = “Ching-dao”) | X = Sh (ex. Xi’an = “She-ahn”)
Dumplings – Jiǎozi (“jiao’zuh”) Boiled – shuǐjiǎo (“schway jee’ow”) (lit. “water dumpling”) Steamed – zhēng jiǎo (“jung’jee’ow”) Pan Fried – jiān jiǎo (“jien’jee’ow”) Potstickers – guōtiē (“gwoah’tieh”) Soup – tāng jiǎo (“tahng’jee’ow”) Sour Soup Dumplings (Xi’an) – suān tāng shuǐjiǎo (“swan’tahng schway’jee’ow”) Wonton – húntún (“hu’en tu’en”) / yún tūn (“yun tu’en”) Wonton (Sichuan) – chāoshǒu (“chow’show”) Chili/Red Oil Wontons – hóng yóu chāoshǒu (“hung’yo chow’show”)
Buns – Bāozi (“bow’zuh”) (More Info) Plain Unfilled Steamed Bun – mántou (“man’toe”) Plain Unfilled Fried “Golden” Bun – huángjīn mántou (“hwahng’jin man toe”) Lotus Leaf Bun – hé yè bāo (“huuh yi’eh bow”) Pork Belly Bun (Fuzhou) – gē bāo (“guh bow”) Small Bun – xiǎobāo (“shiao’bow”) Giant Bun – dà bāo (“dah’bow”) Water Fried Bun – shui’jian bao (“schway’jien bow”) Soup Filled Bun – guàn tāng bāo (“guan tahng bow”) Soup “Dumpling” (Steamed) – xiǎo lóng bāo (“shiao’long bow”) Soup “Dumpling” (Giant) – dà tāng bāo (“dah tahng’bow”) Soup Bun (Pan Fried) – shēng jiān bāo (“shung’jien bow”) Soup Bun (Leavened/Wuhan) – xiǎo lóng tāng bāo (“shiao long tahng’bow”) BBQ Pork Bun (Steamed) – chāshāo bāo (“cha’shao bow”) BBQ Pork Bun (Baked) – chāshāo cān bāo (“cha’shao chahn bow”)
Rice – Mǐfàn (“mee fahn”) Congee (Rice Porridge) – zhōu (“joe”) Fried Rice – chǎofàn (“chow fahn”) Sweet Rice Balls – tāngyuán (“tahng'yuen”) Fried Glutinous Rice Balls – táng yóu guǒzi (“tahng'yo gwoah’zuh”)
Bread – Bǐng (“bing”) Chinese “Crepe/Pancake” – jiānbing (“jien’bing”) Chinese “Hamburger” – ròu jiā mó (“roe’jiah’moah”) ròu jiā bǐng (“roe’jiah bing”) Stuffed Pie – xiàn bǐng (“she’en bing”) Meat Pie – ròu bǐng (“roe bing”) Doornail Pattie – méndīng ròu bǐng (“mending roe bing”) Guokui (Sweet/Savory Flatbread) – guōkuī (“gwoah'kwhey”) Mooncake – yuèbǐng (“yueh bing”) Scallion Pancake – cōng yóubǐng (“chong’yo bing”) Spring Pancake (Peking Duck) – chūnbǐng (“chwun bing”) Stuffed Layered Flatbread – shāobǐng (“shao bing”) Youtiao (Savory Fried Dough Stick) – yóutiáo (“yo tee’ow”)
Meat – Ròu (“roe”) Beef – niúròu (“neoh’roe”) Pork – zhūròu (“jew’roe”) Chicken – jīròu (“jee’roe”) Egg – jīdàn (“jee’dahn”) Mutton – yángròu (“yahng’roe”) Duck – yā ròu (“ya’roe”) Roast Duck – kǎoyā (“cow’ya”) Century Egg – pīdàn (“pee dahn”) Skewer – kǎoròu chuàn (“cow roe chwan”)
Seafood – Hǎixiān (“high she’en”) Fish – yúròu (“yu’roe”) Fish Ball – yúwán (“yu’won”) Shrimp – xiā (“she’ah”) Mantis Shrimp – lài niào xiā (“lie neow she’ah”) Squid – wūzéi (“woo zay”) Lobster – lóngxiā (“long she’ah”) Crab – pángxiè (“pahng shieh”) Hairy Crab – dàzháxiè (“da’ja shieh”) Oyster – mǔlì (“moo lee”) Raw Oyster – shēngháo (“shung how”)
Cantonese Dim Sum / Yum Cha – Guǎng Shì Diǎnxīn (“guang she dee’en shin”) BBQ Pork Bun (Baked) – chāshāo cān bāo (“cha’shao chahn bao”) BBQ Pork Bun (Steamed) – chāshāo bāo (“cha’shao bao”) Chaozhou Fun Guo (Chiu Chow Dumpling) – cháozhōu fěn guǒ (“chow-joe fun gwo'ah”) Chicken Feet – fèng zhuǎ (“fung j’wah”) Durian Bun – liúlián bāo (“leo lee’en bao”) Egg Custard Bun – nǎi huáng bāo (“nai’hwahng bao”) Salted Egg Yolk "Lava" Buns – liúshā bāo (“lioh’sha bao”) Egg Tart – dàntà (“dahn tah”) Ham Sui Gok (Fried Glutinous Rice Dumpling) – xiánshuǐ jiǎo (“she’en schway jee’ow”) Har Gow (Shrimp Dumpling) – xiā jiǎo (“shah’jee’ow”) Lo Mai Gai (Lotus Leaf Sticky Rice) – nuòmǐ jī (“no me jee”) Pan Fried Chive Dumplings – shēng jiān jiǔcài jiǎo (“shung’jien jee'oh chai jee’ow”) Pineapple Bun – bōluó bāo (“boo’luah bao”) Rice Noodle Rolls – cháng fěn (“chaang fen”) Rice Roll with Youtiao – zhà liǎng (“jah li’ahng”) Red Rice Roll with Shrimp – jīnshā hóng mǐ cháng fěn (“jinsha hohng me chaang fen”) Sesame Ball – jiān duī (“jien’dway”) Shumai – shāo mài (“shao’mai”) Steamed Spare Ribs – zhēng páigǔ (“jung pie goo”) Stuffed Peppers – niàng làjiāo (“knee’ahng lah’jee’ow”) Taro Cake – yùtóu gāo (“yu tow gao”) Taro Dumpling – yù jiǎo (“yu jee’ow”) Turnip/Raddish Cake – luóbo gāo (“low bow gao”)
Other Common Dishes Hot Pot – huǒguō (“hwo’ah gwo’ah”) Tofu – dòufu (“doh foo”) Mapo Tofu – má pó dòufu (“mah poe doh foo”) Stinky Tofu – chòu dòufu (“cho doh foo”)
Beverages – Yǐnliào (“yin lay'ow”) Bottled Water – píngzhuāng shuǐ (“ping jew’ahng schway”) # Bottle(s) of Water – # píng shuǐ (“ping schway”) Bottled Mineral Water – kuàngquán shuǐ (“k’wahng chew’en schway”) Iced Tea – bīng chá (“bing cha”) Iced Red Tea – bīng hóngchá (“bing hohng cha”) Bubble Tea – zhēnzhū nǎichá (“jen jew nai cha”) Bubble Milk Tea – bōbà nǎichá (“bow bah nai cha”)
Alcohol – Jiǔ (“jew”) Beer – píjiǔ (“pee jee’oh”) Chinese Distilled Spirit/"Wine" – báijiǔ (“bye jee’oh”) (lit. “white liquor”) Chinese Rice Wine – huángjiǔ (“h’wahng jee’oh”) (lit. “yellow liquor”) Cheers! – gānbēi (“gahn bay”)
Restaurant Terms Napkins – cānjīn (“tahn gin”) Chopsticks – kuàizi (“k’why zuh”) Glass/Cup – bēizi (“bay zuh”) Waiter/Waitress – fúwùyuán (“foo-woo you’en”) Menu – càidān (“thai dahn”) Check/Bill – mǎidān (“my dahn”) Credit Card – xìnyòngkǎ (“she yuhng kah”)
Descriptors Great – tài hǎole (“thai how luh”) Awesome – tài bàngle (“thai bahng luh”)
Tastes Great – wèidào hào jíle (“way dao how jee’luh”) Delicious – hěn hào chī (“hun how chew”) Very Delicious – hào chī jíle (“how chew jee’luh”) So Delicious – tài hào chīle (“thai how chew luh”) So F-ing Good – tài tā mā hǎole (“thai tah mah how luh”)
Smells Good – hǎo xiāng a (“how she’ahng ah”) So Fragrant – tài xiāngle (“thai she’ahng luh”)
I Am Full – chī bǎole (“chew bao luh”) |
Noodles – Miàntiáo (“me’en te’ow”) Wheat Noodle – miàn (“me’en”) Non-Wheat Noodles – fēn (“fen”) Rice Noodles – mǐxiàn (“me she’en”) Rice Noodles (Vermicelli) – mǐfěn (“me fen”) Rice Noodles (Wide) – shāhé fěn (“sha huuh fen”) Egg Noodles – jīdàn miàn (“jidan me’en”) Hand Pulled Noodles – lāmiàn (“lah me’en”) Hand Torn Noodles – miàn piàn (“me’en pee’en”) Knife Cut/Shaved Noodles – dāoxiāomiàn (“dao she’ow me’en”) Stir Fried Noodles – chǎomiàn (“chow me’en”) Noodle Soup – tāngmiàn (“tahng me’en”)
Common Regional Noodle Dishes Beijing Soybean Paste Noodles – zhá jiàng miàn (“ja’jiahng me’en”) Shanghai Scallion Oil Noodle – cōng yóu miàn (“chong’yo me’en”) Sesame Noodles – májiàng miàn (“mah’jiahng me’en”) Nanjing Duck Blood Noodle Soup – yā xiě fěnsī tāng (“ya shieh fensue tahng”) Chengdu Twice Cooked Pork Noodles – huíguōròu miàn (“h’way gwoah’roe me’en”) Dan Dan Noodles – dàndàn miàn (“dahn dahn me’en”) Yibin Burning Noodles – Yíbīn rán miàn (“ee bin ran me’en”) Sweet Water Noodles – tián shuǐmiàn (“tee’en schway me’en”) Cold Skin Noodles – liángpí (“li’ahng pee”) Chongqing Chongqing Little Noodles – Chóngqìng xiǎo miàn (“Chong-ching shiao me’en”) Pea Noodles – wān zá miàn (“wahn zah me’en”) Hot and Sour Potato Noodles – suān là fěn (“swan lah fen”) Xi’an Biang Biang (Broad Noodle) – biángbiáng miàn (“bee’ahng bee’ahng me’en”) Oil Splashing Noodles – yóu pō miàn (“yo poo'ah me’en”) Guangzhou/Hong Kong Rice Noodle Rolls – cháng fěn (“chaang fen”) Wonton Noodles – yún tūn miàn (“yun tu’en me’en”) Shrimp Roe Noodles – xiā zǐ miàn (“sha’zuh mian”) Tossed Noodles – lāo miàn (“lao me’en”) Soy Sauce (Fried) Noodles – chǐ yóu huáng chǎomiàn (“chee yo hwang chow me’en”) Long Life (Egg) Noodles – yī miàn (“yee me’en”) Other Any: Fried Sauce Noodles – zhá jiàng miàn (“ja’jiahng me’en”) Fujian: Misua – miàn xiàn (“me’en she’en”) Guilin: Rice Noodles – Guìlín mǐfěn (“Gwee’lin me fen”) Hangzhou: ‘Blanched Slice’ Noodles – piān er chuān (“pee’en are chwan”) Kunming: Crossing-the-Bridge Noodles – guò qiáo mǐxiàn (“gwoah chiow me she’en”) Lanzhou: Hand-Pulled Noodles – lāmiàn (“lah me’en”) Shanxi: Cat’s Ear Noodles – Māo ěrduǒ (“mao are duah”) Oat Noodles – yóu miàn kǎolǎo lǎo (“yo me’en cow lao lao”) Wuhan: Hot Dry Noodles – rè gān miàn (“ruah’gahn me’en”) Zhenjiang: Pot Lid Noodles – guō gài miàn (“gwoah guy me’en”)
Flavors – Wèidào (“weigh dow”) Spicy – là (“lah”) Numbing Spicy – málà (“mah lah”) Sichuan Peppercorn – huājiāo (“h’wah jee’ow”) Sweet – tián (“tee’en”) Salty – xián (“she’en”) Bitter – kǔ (“kooh”) Sour – suān (“swan”)
Cooking Preparations – Pēngrèn (“pung ren”) Roasted – kǎo (“cow”) Stir Fried – chǎo (“chow”) Steamed – qīngzhēng (“ching jung”) Braised – mèn (“mun”) In Oil – yǒu (“yo”) Soup – tāng (“tahng”) Cold Dish – liángcài (“lee’ahng thai”) Side Dish – xiǎocài (“she’ow thai”)
Sauces – Jiàng (“jee’ahng”) Chili Sauce – làjiāo jiàng (“lah’jee’ow jee’ahng”) Soy Sauce – jiàngyóu (“jee’ahng yo”) Vinegar – cù (“two”) Sesame Paste – zhīmajiàng (“juh’mah jee’ahng”)
Sizes Small – xiǎo (“she’ow”) Medium – zhōng (“jung”) Large – dà (“dah”)
Useful Restaurant Phrases Just a moment please | 请等一下 Qǐng děng yīxià (“Ching dung yee’shah”) [Please – qǐng (“ching”)]
Can you suggest some dishes? | 你能推荐一些菜吗? Nǐ néng tuījiàn yīxiē cài ma (“Knee nung twee jee’en yee she’ah thai mah”)
What do you suggest? | 你有什么建议? Nǐ yǒu shé me jiànyì? (“Knee yo shh’ma jee’ahn yee”)
What is this/that? | 这/那是什么? Zhè/Nà shì shénme (“Juh/nah she shen mah”) [This – zhège (“jih’guh”) / That – nàgè (“nih’guh”)]
I'll have… | 我要... Wǒ yào (“Woah yow”) [Wǒ yào + [Number]-fèn + [Dish] = I would like __ orders of __ ] [Wǒ yào yī fèn zhège = I would like one order of this]
One More | 再来一个请 Zàilái yīgè (“Zai lie yee’guh”)
How much is it? | 多少钱? Duōshǎo qián (“Duah shao chi’en”)
May I pay with a credit card? | 我能用信用卡支付吗? Wǒ néng yòng xìnyòngkǎ zhīfù ma (“Wǒ’nung yung she yuhng kah jifu’ma”)
Thanks / Thank you | 谢谢 / 谢谢你 Xièxiè / Xièxiè nǐ (“sheh-sheh” / “sheh-sheh knee”)
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